Chiswick, in West London, is part of the London Borough of Hounslow. It was historically a fishing and farming community, but as London grew in population during the 18th and 19th centuries it became a well-to-do suburb, with many fine Georgian and Victorian houses. A large number of historic homes in Chiswick are protected by inclusion in the many conservation areas which have been designated by the local authority. London’s first “garden suburb”, at Bedford Park, was originally advertised as being in Chiswick, but the majority of the Bedford Park conservation area lies within the neighboring borough of Ealing.
Most of early Chiswick lay near to the parish church of St Nicholas. Fishing and farming were the main activities of the inhabitants, and every year there was a large cheese fair at Dukes Meadow. As England became an industrialized and heavily populated country, rivers such as the Thames were badly affected by pollution. Fishing was also affected by locks which were introduced, stopping species like salmon from reaching their spawning grounds.
Brewing is one of the oldest activities in Chiswick. It started 350 years ago at the Griffin Brewery, which since 1845 has been the main base for the Fuller’s company. Three beers brewed on this site (Chiswick Bitter, London Pride, and ESB) are previous winners of the Champion Beer of Britain.
Many of the houses in Chiswick were built during the Georgian and Victorian periods. Chiswick was becoming a suburb for the well-to-do, who could commute into central London from here every day. The area’s suburban housing stock includes many fine properties with original features such as sash windows, and intricate plaster mouldings.
Many of the architecturally more interesting homes in Chiswick are included within the London Borough of Hounslow’s designated conservation areas. Also near to Chiswick, although mainly falling inside the London Borough of Ealing, is the Bedford Park conservation area. Bedford Park was the first ever garden suburb, built at the end of the 19th century.
As with all conservation areas in England, the precise restrictions on building are determined by the local authority, rather than being laid down nationally. Typically the rules may differ between boroughs, depending on what each authority feels is important for the character of its own area with special historic and architectural importance.
For example in some conservation areas home owners may not be allowed to break the roof line of the buildings (e. G. With loft extensions), while in other areas completely different restrictions may apply. In general developments which retain original features, such as sash windows, are more likely to be approved by local councils.
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